# Gas & Transactions

### Overview / why it matters

Every on-chain action costs “gas.” Understanding fees and confirmations helps you avoid failed transactions and delays.

### Core concepts

* Gas fee: Payment to validators/miners to process your tx.
* Gas price: How much you pay per unit of gas.
* Nonce: Your transaction counter; keeps order.
* Pending/confirmed/failed: Status of a transaction.
* Revert: Transaction ran but state was not changed.

### Key takeaways

* Keep a small balance of the chain’s native token for gas.
* If fees are low, confirmation may be slow.
* Failures happen due to low gas, wrong data, or contract rules.


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